Medical conditions Some medical conditions can affect fertility. Ovulation disorders appear to be the most common cause of infertility in women. Ovulation is the monthly release of an egg. The eggs may never be released or they may only be released in some cycles. Ovulation disorders can be due to: Premature ovarian failure: The ovaries stop working before the age of 40 years. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The ovaries function abnormally and ovulation may not occur. Hyperprolactinemia: If prolactin levels are high, and the woman is not pregnant or breastfeeding, it may affect ovulation and fertility. Poor egg quality: Eggs that are damaged or develop genetic abnormalities cannot sustain a pregnancy. The older a woman is, the higher the risk. Thyroid problems: An overactive or underactive thyroid gland can lead to a hormonal imbalance. Chronic conditions: These include AIDS or cancer. Problems in the uterus or fallopian tubes can prevent the egg from traveling from the ovary to the uterus, or womb. If the egg does not travel, it can be harder to conceive naturally. Causes include: Surgery: Pelvic surgery can sometimes cause scarring or damage to the fallopian tubes. Cervical surgery can sometimes cause scarring or shortening of the cervix. The cervix is the neck of the uterus. Submucosal fibroids: Benign or non-cancerous tumors occur in the muscular wall of the uterus. They can interfere with implantation or block the fallopian tube, preventing sperm from fertilizing the egg. Large submucosal uterine fibroids may make the uterus' cavity bigger, increasing the distance the sperm has to travel. Endometriosis: Cells that normally occur within the lining of the uterus start growing elsewhere in the body. Previous sterilization treatment: In women who have chosen to have their fallopian tubes blocked, the process can be reversed, but the chances of becoming fertile again are not high. Medications, treatments, and drugs Some drugs can affect fertility in a woman. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Long-term use of aspirin or ibuprofen may make it harder to conceive. Chemotherapy: Some chemotherapy drugs can result in ovarian failure. In some cases, this may be permanent. Radiation therapy: If this is aimed near the reproductive organs, it can increase the risk of fertility problems. Illegal drugs: Some women who use marijuana or cocaine may have fertility problems. Cholesterol One study has found that high cholesterol levels may have an impact on fertility in women. Treatment Treatment will depend on many factors, including the age of the person who wishes to conceive, how long the infertility has lasted, personal preferences, and their general state of health. Frequency of intercourse The couple may be advised to have sexual intercourse more often around the time of ovulation. Sperm can survive inside the female for up to 5 days, while an egg can be fertilized for up to 1 day after ovulation. In theory, it is possible to conceive on any of these 6 days that occur before and during ovulation. However, a survey has suggested that the 3 days most likely to offer a fertile window are the 2 days before ovulation plus the 1 day of ovulation. Some suggest that the number of times a couple has intercourse should be reduced to increase sperm supply, but this is unlikely to make a difference. Best Fertility Care Center, Ashwini Hospital Moondrumavadi Madurai-07, Advanced Fertility Care Center . Mother and Child Health Care.